CVEs from 2015

7,261 normalized CVEs published or assigned in this year.

Total
7,261
critical
critical 1,306
high
high 1,666
medium
medium 3,617
low
low 554
% Critical
18.0%
% with KEV
0.6%
% with exploit
10.1%

Top vendors

Top products

  • firefox 4,609
  • flash_player 3,392
  • php 1,526
  • moodle 1,087
  • acrobat 878
  • acrobat_reader 878
  • safari 736
  • internet_explorer 712
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KEVHas exploit
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CVE Severity CVSS Risk Flags OS Vendor Published Description
CVE-2015-4273 medium 5.0 11y ago The Packet Data Network Gateway (aka PGW) component on Cisco ASR 5000 devices with software 15.0(912), 15.0(935), and 15.0(938) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Session Manager o…
CVE-2015-2417 medium 5.0 11y ago OLE in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 al…
CVE-2015-2416 medium 5.0 11y ago OLE in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 al…
CVE-2015-1887 medium 5.0 11y ago IBM WebSphere Portal 7.0.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF29, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF17, and 8.5.0 before CF06 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive Java Content Repository (JCR) information via a crafted r…
CVE-2015-3125 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Ad…
CVE-2015-3116 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Ad…
CVE-2015-3115 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Ad…
CVE-2015-3114 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Ad…
CVE-2015-4240 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco IP Communicator 8.6(4) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (service outage) via an unspecified URL in a GET request, aka Bug ID CSCuu37656.
CVE-2015-1011 medium 5.0 11y ago Hospira LifeCare PCA Infusion System before 7.0 has hardcoded credentials, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2015-3281 medium 5.0 11y ago The buffer_slow_realign function in HAProxy 1.5.x before 1.5.14 and 1.6-dev does not properly realign a buffer that is used for pending outgoing data, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitiv…
CVE-2015-2729 medium 5.0 11y ago The AudioParamTimeline::AudioNodeInputValue function in the Web Audio implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 39.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.1 does not properly calculate an oscillator renderin…
CVE-2015-4453 medium 5.0 11y ago interface/globals.php in OpenEMR 2.x, 3.x, and 4.x before 4.2.0 patch 2 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and obtain sensitive information via an ignoreAuth=1 value to certain scripts,…
CVE-2015-2964 medium 5.0 11y ago NAMSHI | JOSE 5.0.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass signature verification via crafted tokens in a JSON Web Tokens (JWT) header.
CVE-2015-4196 medium 5.0 11y ago Platform Software before 4.4.5 in Cisco Unified Communications Domain Manager (CDM) 8.x has a hardcoded password for a privileged account, which allows remote attackers to obtain root access by lever…
CVE-2015-3714 medium 5.0 11y ago Apple OS X before 10.10.4 does not properly consider custom resource rules during app signature verification, which allows attackers to bypass intended launch restrictions via a modified app.
CVE-2015-3675 medium 5.0 11y ago The default configuration of the Apache HTTP Server on Apple OS X before 10.10.4 does not enable the mod_hfs_apple module, which allows remote attackers to bypass HTTP authentication via a crafted UR…
CVE-2015-1914 medium 5.0 11y ago IBM Java 7 R1 before SR3, 7 before SR9, 6 R1 before SR8 FP4, 6 before SR16 FP4, and 5.0 before SR16 FP10 allows remote attackers to bypass "permission checks" and obtain sensitive information via vec…
CVE-2015-4695 medium 5.0 11y ago meta.h in libwmf 0.2.8.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted WMF file.
CVE-2015-3204 medium 5.0 11y ago libreswan 3.9 through 3.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon restart) via an IKEv1 packet with (1) unassigned bits set in the IPSEC DOI value or (2) the next payload value …
CVE-2015-2141 medium 5.0 11y ago The InvertibleRWFunction::CalculateInverse function in rw.cpp in libcrypt++ 5.6.2 does not properly blind private key operations for the Rabin-Williams digital signature algorithm, which allows remot…
CVE-2015-4229 medium 5.0 11y ago The web framework in Cisco Unified Communications Domain Manager 8.1(4)ER1 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by visiting a bvsmweb URL, aka Bug ID CSCuq22589.
CVE-2015-1913 medium 5.0 11y ago Rational Test Control Panel in IBM Rational Test Workbench and Rational Test Virtualization Server 8.0.0.x before 8.0.0.5, 8.0.1.x before 8.0.1.6, 8.5.0.x before 8.5.0.4, 8.5.1.x before 8.5.1.5, 8.6.…
CVE-2015-0196 medium 5.0 11y ago CRLF injection vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Commerce 6.0 through 6.0.0.11 and 7.0 before 7.0.0.8 Cumulative iFix 2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response…
CVE-2015-1268 medium 5.0 11y ago bindings/scripts/v8_types.py in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.130, does not properly select a creation context for a return value's DOM wrapper, which allows remote attackers to by…
CVE-2015-1267 medium 5.0 11y ago Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.130, does not properly restrict the creation context during creation of a DOM wrapper, which allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy …
CVE-2015-1266 medium 5.0 11y ago content/browser/webui/content_web_ui_controller_factory.cc in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.130 does not properly consider the scheme in determining whether a URL is associated with a WebUI SiteInst…
CVE-2015-4216 medium 5.0 11y ago The remote-support feature on Cisco Web Security Virtual Appliance (WSAv), Email Security Virtual Appliance (ESAv), and Security Management Virtual Appliance (SMAv) devices before 2015-06-25 uses the…
CVE-2015-4223 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco IOS XR 5.1.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process reload) via crafted MPLS Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) packets, aka Bug ID CSCuu77478.
CVE-2015-4218 medium 5.0 11y ago The web-based user interface in Cisco Jabber through 9.6(3) and 9.7 through 9.7(5) on Windows allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a crafted value in a GET request, aka Bug IDs…
CVE-2015-4212 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco WebEx Meeting Center allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, as demonstrated by discovering credentials, aka Bug ID CSCut17466.
CVE-2015-0972 medium 5.0 11y ago Pearson ProctorCache before 2015.1.17 uses the same hardcoded password across different customers' installations, which allows remote attackers to modify test metadata or cause a denial of service (t…
CVE-2015-4207 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco WebEx Meeting Center places a meeting's access number in a URL, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information and bypass intended attendance restrictions by visiting a meeting-r…
CVE-2015-3236 medium 5.0 11y ago cURL and libcurl 7.40.0 through 7.42.1 send the HTTP Basic authentication credentials for a previous connection when reusing a reset (curl_easy_reset) connection handle to send a request to the same …
CVE-2015-4590 medium 5.0 11y ago The extractFrom function in Internals/QuotedString.cpp in Arduino JSON before 4.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a JSON string with a \ (backslash) followed by a ter…
CVE-2015-4202 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco IOS 12.2SCH on uBR10000 router Cable Modem Termination Systems (CMTS) does not properly restrict access to the IP Detail Record (IPDR) service, which allows remote attackers to obtain potential…
CVE-2015-4201 medium 5.0 11y ago The Gateway General Packet Radio Service Support Node (GGSN) component on Cisco ASR 5000 devices with software 17.2.0.59184 and 18.0.L0.59219 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Ses…
CVE-2015-4194 medium 5.0 11y ago The web-based administrative interface in Cisco WebEx Meeting Center provides different error messages for failed login attempts depending on whether the username exists or corresponds to a privilege…
CVE-2015-4191 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco IOS XR 5.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (ipv6_io service reload) via a malformed IPv6 packet, aka Bug ID CSCuq95565.
CVE-2015-4188 medium 5.0 11y ago SQL injection vulnerability in the Manager interface in Cisco Prime Collaboration 10.5(1) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a crafted URL, aka Bug IDs CSCuu29910, CSCuu299…
CVE-2015-3225 medium 5.0 11y ago lib/rack/utils.rb in Rack before 1.5.4 and 1.6.x before 1.6.2, as used with Ruby on Rails 3.x and 4.x and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (SystemStackError) via a…
CVE-2015-3227 medium 5.0 11y ago The (1) jdom.rb and (2) rexml.rb components in Active Support in Ruby on Rails before 4.1.11 and 4.2.x before 4.2.2, when JDOM or REXML is enabled, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service…
CVE-2015-1840 medium 5.0 11y ago jquery_ujs.js in jquery-rails before 3.1.3 and 4.x before 4.0.4 and rails.js in jquery-ujs before 1.0.4, as used with Ruby on Rails 3.x and 4.x, allow remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Polic…
CVE-2015-4146 medium 5.0 11y ago The EAP-pwd peer implementation in hostapd and wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 does not clear the L (Length) and M (More) flags before determining if a response should be fragmented, which allows remo…
CVE-2015-4145 medium 5.0 11y ago The EAP-pwd server and peer implementation in hostapd and wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 does not validate a fragment is already being processed, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of se…
CVE-2015-4144 medium 5.0 11y ago The EAP-pwd server and peer implementation in hostapd and wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 does not validate that a message is long enough to contain the Total-Length field, which allows remote attacke…
CVE-2015-4143 medium 5.0 11y ago The EAP-pwd server and peer implementation in hostapd and wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and crash) via a crafted (1) Commit o…
CVE-2015-4394 medium 5.0 11y ago The Services module 7.x-3.x before 7.x-3.12 for Drupal allows remote attackers to bypass the field_access restriction and obtain sensitive private field information via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2015-4368 medium 5.0 11y ago The Commerce Ogone module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.5 for Drupal allows remote attackers to complete the checkout for an order without paying via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2015-4345 medium 5.0 11y ago The RESTWS Basic Auth submodule in the RESTful Web Services module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.5 and 7.x-2.x before 7.x-2.3 for Drupal caches pages for authenticated requests, which allows remote attackers …
CVE-2015-4344 medium 5.0 11y ago The Services Basic Authentication module 7.x-1.x through 7.x-1.3 for Drupal allows remote attackers to bypass intended resource restrictions via vectors related to page caching.
CVE-2015-3951 medium 5.0 11y ago RLE Nova-Wind Turbine HMI devices store cleartext credentials, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2015-2953 medium 5.0 11y ago Igreks MilkyStep Light 0.94 and earlier and Professional 1.82 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and read files via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerabil…
CVE-2015-4184 medium 5.0 11y ago The anti-spam scanner on Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) devices 3.3.1-09, 7.5.1-gpl-022, and 8.5.6-074 allows remote attackers to bypass intended e-mail restrictions via a malformed DNS SPF rec…
CVE-2015-1792 medium 5.0 11y ago The do_free_upto function in crypto/cms/cms_smime.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zg, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0s, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1n, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2b allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (…
CVE-2015-1790 medium 5.0 11y ago The PKCS7_dataDecodefunction in crypto/pkcs7/pk7_doit.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zg, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0s, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1n, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2b allows remote attackers to cause a denial of servi…
CVE-2015-0776 medium 5.0 11y ago telnetd in Cisco IOS XR 5.0.1 on Network Convergence System 6000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a malformed TELNET packet, aka Bug ID CSCuq31566.
CVE-2015-0775 medium 5.0 11y ago The banner (aka MOTD) implementation in Cisco NX-OS 4.1(2)E1(1f) on Nexus 4000 devices, 5.2(1)SV3(2.1) on Nexus 1000V devices, 6.0(2)N2(2) on Nexus 5000 devices, 6.2(11) on MDS 9000 devices, 6.2(12) …
CVE-2015-3923 medium 5.0 11y ago Coppermine Photo Gallery before 1.5.36 allows remote attackers to enumerate directories via a full path in the folder parameter to minibrowser.php.
CVE-2015-4415 medium 5.0 11y ago Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in func.php in Magnifica Webscripts Anima Gallery 2.6 allow remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the (1) th…
CVE-2015-3108 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X…
CVE-2015-3102 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X…
CVE-2015-3099 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X…
CVE-2015-3098 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X…
CVE-2015-3097 medium 5.0 11y ago Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.144, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.144 on 64-bit Wi…
CVE-2015-4024 medium 5.0 11y ago Algorithmic complexity vulnerability in the multipart_buffer_headers function in main/rfc1867.c in PHP before 5.4.41, 5.5.x before 5.5.25, and 5.6.x before 5.6.9 allows remote attackers to cause a de…
CVE-2015-4021 medium 5.0 11y ago The phar_parse_tarfile function in ext/phar/tar.c in PHP before 5.4.41, 5.5.x before 5.5.25, and 5.6.x before 5.6.9 does not verify that the first character of a filename is different from the \0 cha…
CVE-2015-4418 medium 5.0 11y ago Zoho NetFlow Analyzer build 10250 and earlier does not have an off autocomplete attribute for a password field, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access by leveraging an unattended…
CVE-2015-2125 medium 5.0 11y ago Unspecified vulnerability in HP WebInspect 7.x through 10.4 before 10.4 update 1 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions via unknown vectors.
CVE-2015-0770 medium 5.0 11y ago CRLF injection vulnerability in Cisco TelePresence TC 6.x before 6.3.4 and 7.x before 7.3.3 on Integrator C SX20 devices allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP resp…
CVE-2015-2951 medium 5.0 11y ago JWT.php in F21 JWT before 2.0 allows remote attackers to bypass signature verification via crafted tokens.
CVE-2015-0765 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco ONS 15454 System Software 10.30 and 10.301 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (tNetTask CPU consumption or card reset) via a flood of (1) IP or (2) Ethernet traffic, aka Bug I…
CVE-2015-0764 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco Unified MeetingPlace 8.6(1.9) allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted resource request, aka Bug ID CSCus95603.
CVE-2015-0763 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco Unified MeetingPlace 8.6(1.2) does not properly validate session IDs in http URLs, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive session information via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCuu60338.
CVE-2015-0264 medium 5.0 11y ago Apache Camel allows remote actor to read arbitrary files via external entity in invalid XML string or GenericFile object
CVE-2015-0263 medium 5.0 11y ago Apache Camel XML External Entity vulnerability
CVE-2015-4158 medium 5.0 11y ago SAP ABAP & Java Server allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (service termination) via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2121661.
CVE-2015-4157 medium 5.0 11y ago SAP Content Server allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (service termination) via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2127995.
CVE-2015-2278 medium 5.0 11y ago The LZH decompression implementation (CsObjectInt::BuildHufTree function in vpa108csulzh.cpp) in SAP MaxDB 7.5 and 7.6, Netweaver Application Server ABAP, Netweaver Application Server Java, Netweaver…
CVE-2015-0745 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco Headend System Release allows remote attackers to read temporary script files or archive files, and consequently obtain sensitive information, via a crafted header in an HTTP request, aka Bug I…
CVE-2015-0743 medium 5.0 11y ago Cisco Headend System Release allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (DHCP and TFTP outage) via a flood of crafted UDP traffic, aka Bug ID CSCus04097.
CVE-2015-0757 medium 5.0 11y ago The web framework in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) 1.2(1.901) and 1.3(0.722) does not properly implement session handlers, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by read…
CVE-2015-3906 medium 5.0 11y ago The logcat_dump_text function in wiretap/logcat.c in the Android Logcat file parser in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.5 does not properly handle a lack of \0 termination, which allows remote attackers …
CVE-2015-3815 medium 5.0 11y ago The detect_version function in wiretap/logcat.c in the Android Logcat file parser in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.5 does not check the length of the payload, which allows remote attackers to cause a …
CVE-2015-3814 medium 5.0 11y ago The (1) dissect_tfs_request and (2) dissect_tfs_response functions in epan/dissectors/packet-ieee80211.c in the IEEE 802.11 dissector in Wireshark 1.10.x before 1.10.14 and 1.12.x before 1.12.5 inter…
CVE-2015-3813 medium 5.0 11y ago The fragment_add_work function in epan/reassemble.c in the packet-reassembly feature in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.5 does not properly determine the defragmentation state in a case of an insufficie…
CVE-2015-3811 medium 5.0 11y ago epan/dissectors/packet-wcp.c in the WCP dissector in Wireshark 1.10.x before 1.10.14 and 1.12.x before 1.12.5 improperly refers to previously processed bytes, which allows remote attackers to cause a…
CVE-2015-1909 medium 5.0 11y ago The XML parser in the Reference Data Management component in the server in IBM InfoSphere Master Data Management (MDM) 10.1 before IF1, 11.0 before FP3, 11.3, and 11.4 before FP2 allows remote attack…
CVE-2015-1895 medium 5.0 11y ago IBM InfoSphere Optim Workload Replay 2.x before 2.1.0.3 relies on client-side code to verify authorization, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions by modifying the clien…
CVE-2015-0746 medium 5.0 11y ago The REST API in Cisco Access Control Server (ACS) 5.5(0.46.2) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (API outage) by sending many requests, aka Bug ID CSCut62022.
CVE-2015-3912 medium 5.0 11y ago Huawei E355s Mobile WiFi with firmware before 22.158.45.02.625 and WEBUI before 13.100.04.01.625 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive configuration information by sniffing the network or sendi…
CVE-2015-0742 medium 5.0 11y ago The Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) application in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 9.2(0.0), 9.2(0.104), 9.2(3.1), 9.2(3.4), 9.3(1.105), 9.3(2.100), 9.4(0.115), 100.13(0.21), 10…
CVE-2015-4016 medium 5.0 11y ago The client detection protocol in Valve Steam allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via a crafted response to a broadcast packet.
CVE-2015-1261 medium 5.0 11y ago android/java/src/org/chromium/chrome/browser/WebsiteSettingsPopup.java in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.65 on Android does not properly restrict use of a URL's fragment identifier during constructio…
CVE-2015-1254 medium 5.0 11y ago core/dom/Document.cpp in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.65, enables the inheritance of the designMode attribute, which allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy by le…
CVE-2015-3407 medium 5.0 11y ago Module::Signature before 0.74 allows remote attackers to bypass signature verification for files via a signature file that does not list the files.
CVE-2015-2704 medium 5.0 11y ago realmd allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary configurations in to sssd.conf and smb.conf via a newline character in an LDAP response.
CVE-2015-0730 medium 5.0 11y ago The SMB module in Cisco Wide Area Application Services (WAAS) 6.0(1) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (module reload) via an invalid field in a Negotiate Protocol request, aka Bug…
CVE-2015-3301 medium 5.0 11y ago Directory traversal vulnerability in the TheCartPress eCommerce Shopping Cart (aka The Professional WordPress eCommerce Plugin) plugin for WordPress before 1.3.9.3 allows remote administrators to rea…
CVE-2015-0971 medium 5.0 11y ago The DER parser in Suricata before 2.0.8 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via vectors related to SSL/TLS certificates.