CVEs from 2018
Total
3,288
critical
critical 226
high
high 266
medium
medium 224
low
low 32
% Critical
6.9%
% with KEV
2.7%
% with exploit
2.8%
Top vendors
- frappe 4
- redhat 2
- magix 1
- mybb 1
- gitbucket 1
- qemu 1
- dragonexpert 1
- kingsoftstore 1
Top products
- erpnext 4
- terminal_services_manager 1
- ultraiso 1
- dolibarr_erp\/crm 1
- gitbucket 1
- pdfunite 1
- qemu 1
- virtualization_manager 1
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | Risk | Published | Description | Impact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2018-7566 | unknown | — | — | — | The Linux kernel 4.15 has a Buffer Overflow via an SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_SET_CLIENT_POOL ioctl write operation to /dev/snd/seq by a local user. | |
| CVE-2018-1066 | unknown | — | — | — | The Linux kernel before version 4.11 is vulnerable to a NULL pointer dereference in fs/cifs/cifsencrypt.c:setup_ntlmv2_rsp() that allows an attacker controlling a CIFS server to kernel panic a client… | |
| CVE-2018-1000200 | unknown | — | — | — | The Linux Kernel versions 4.14, 4.15, and 4.16 has a null pointer dereference which can result in an out of memory (OOM) killing of large mlocked processes. The issue arises from an oom killed proces… | |
| CVE-2018-12232 | unknown | — | — | — | In net/socket.c in the Linux kernel through 4.17.1, there is a race condition between fchownat and close in cases where they target the same socket file descriptor, related to the sock_close and sock… | |
| CVE-2018-19205 | unknown | — | — | — | Roundcube before 1.3.7 mishandles GnuPG MDC integrity-protection warnings, which makes it easier for attackers to obtain sensitive information, a related issue to CVE-2017-17688. This is associated w… | |
| CVE-2018-1000071 | unknown | — | — | — | roundcube version 1.3.4 and earlier contains an Insecure Permissions vulnerability in enigma plugin that can result in exfiltration of gpg private key. This attack appear to be exploitable via networ… | |
| CVE-2018-19206 | unknown | — | — | — | steps/mail/func.inc in Roundcube before 1.3.8 has XSS via crafted use of <svg><style>, as demonstrated by an onload attribute in a BODY element, within an HTML attachment. | |
| CVE-2018-10323 | unknown | — | — | — | The xfs_bmap_extents_to_btree function in fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap.c in the Linux kernel through 4.16.3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (xfs_bmapi_write NULL pointer dereference) via a … | |
| CVE-2018-10878 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ext4 filesystem. A local user can cause an out-of-bounds write and a denial of service or unspecified other impact is possible by mounting and operating a craft… | |
| CVE-2018-10901 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in Linux kernel's KVM virtualization subsystem. The VMX code does not restore the GDT.LIMIT to the previous host value, but instead sets it to 64KB. With a corrupted GDT limit a host… | |
| CVE-2018-10840 | unknown | — | — | — | Linux kernel is vulnerable to a heap-based buffer overflow in the fs/ext4/xattr.c:ext4_xattr_set_entry() function. An attacker could exploit this by operating on a mounted crafted ext4 image. | |
| CVE-2018-10853 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the way Linux kernel KVM hypervisor before 4.18 emulated instructions such as sgdt/sidt/fxsave/fxrstor. It did not check current privilege(CPL) level while emulating unprivileged … | |
| CVE-2018-14633 | unknown | — | — | — | A security flaw was found in the chap_server_compute_md5() function in the ISCSI target code in the Linux kernel in a way an authentication request from an ISCSI initiator is processed. An unauthenti… | |
| CVE-2018-14641 | unknown | — | — | — | A security flaw was found in the ip_frag_reasm() function in net/ipv4/ip_fragment.c in the Linux kernel from 4.19-rc1 to 4.19-rc3 inclusive, which can cause a later system crash in ip_do_fragment(). … | |
| CVE-2018-1108 | unknown | — | — | — | kernel drivers before version 4.17-rc1 are vulnerable to a weakness in the Linux kernel's implementation of random seed data. Programs, early in the boot sequence, could use the data allocated for th… | |
| CVE-2018-11508 | unknown | — | — | — | The compat_get_timex function in kernel/compat.c in the Linux kernel before 4.16.9 allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via adjtimex. | |
| CVE-2018-1118 | unknown | — | — | — | Linux kernel vhost since version 4.8 does not properly initialize memory in messages passed between virtual guests and the host operating system in the vhost/vhost.c:vhost_new_msg() function. This ca… | |
| CVE-2018-1128 | unknown | — | — | — | It was found that cephx authentication protocol did not verify ceph clients correctly and was vulnerable to replay attack. Any attacker having access to ceph cluster network who is able to sniff pack… | |
| CVE-2018-1129 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the way signature calculation was handled by cephx authentication protocol. An attacker having access to ceph cluster network who is able to alter the message payload was able to … | |
| CVE-2018-11232 | unknown | — | — | — | The etm_setup_aux function in drivers/hwtracing/coresight/coresight-etm-perf.c in the Linux kernel before 4.10.2 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (panic) because a parameter is incorrect… | |
| CVE-2018-1130 | unknown | — | — | — | Linux kernel before version 4.16-rc7 is vulnerable to a null pointer dereference in dccp_write_xmit() function in net/dccp/output.c in that allows a local user to cause a denial of service by a numbe… | |
| CVE-2018-11412 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel 4.13 through 4.16.11, ext4_read_inline_data() in fs/ext4/inline.c performs a memcpy with an untrusted length value in certain circumstances involving a crafted filesystem that sto… | |
| CVE-2018-11506 | unknown | — | — | — | The sr_do_ioctl function in drivers/scsi/sr_ioctl.c in the Linux kernel through 4.16.12 allows local users to cause a denial of service (stack-based buffer overflow) or possibly have unspecified othe… | |
| CVE-2018-11987 | unknown | — | — | — | In all android releases(Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) from CAF using the linux kernel, if there is an unlikely memory alloc failure for the secure pool in boot, it can result in w… | |
| CVE-2018-12126 | unknown | — | — | — | Microarchitectural Store Buffer Data Sampling (MSBDS): Store buffers on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosu… | |
| CVE-2018-12130 | unknown | — | — | — | Microarchitectural Fill Buffer Data Sampling (MFBDS): Fill buffers on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure… | |
| CVE-2018-12127 | unknown | — | — | — | Microarchitectural Load Port Data Sampling (MLPDS): Load ports on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via… | |
| CVE-2018-12207 | unknown | — | — | — | Improper invalidation for page table updates by a virtual guest operating system for multiple Intel(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service of the host s… | |
| CVE-2018-12233 | unknown | — | — | — | In the ea_get function in fs/jfs/xattr.c in the Linux kernel through 4.17.1, a memory corruption bug in JFS can be triggered by calling setxattr twice with two different extended attribute names on t… | |
| CVE-2018-12633 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 4.17.2. vbg_misc_device_ioctl() in drivers/virt/vboxguest/vboxguest_linux.c reads the same user data twice with copy_from_user. The header part of … | |
| CVE-2018-12714 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 4.17.2. The filter parsing in kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.c could be called with no filter, which is an N=0 case when it expected at least one… | |
| CVE-2018-12904 | unknown | — | — | — | In arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c in the Linux kernel before 4.17.2, when nested virtualization is used, local attackers could cause L1 KVM guests to VMEXIT, potentially allowing privilege escalations and denial… | |
| CVE-2018-12896 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 4.17.3. An Integer Overflow in kernel/time/posix-timers.c in the POSIX timer code is caused by the way the overrun accounting works. Depending on i… | |
| CVE-2018-12928 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel 4.15.0, a NULL pointer dereference was discovered in hfs_ext_read_extent in hfs.ko. This can occur during a mount of a crafted hfs filesystem. | |
| CVE-2018-12929 | unknown | — | — | — | ntfs_read_locked_inode in the ntfs.ko filesystem driver in the Linux kernel 4.15.0 allows attackers to trigger a use-after-free read and possibly cause a denial of service (kernel oops or panic) via … | |
| CVE-2018-13095 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_inode_buf.c in the Linux kernel through 4.17.3. A denial of service (memory corruption and BUG) can occur for a corrupted xfs image upon encountering an i… | |
| CVE-2018-12930 | unknown | — | — | — | ntfs_end_buffer_async_read in the ntfs.ko filesystem driver in the Linux kernel 4.15.0 allows attackers to trigger a stack-based out-of-bounds write and cause a denial of service (kernel oops or pani… | |
| CVE-2018-12931 | unknown | — | — | — | ntfs_attr_find in the ntfs.ko filesystem driver in the Linux kernel 4.15.0 allows attackers to trigger a stack-based out-of-bounds write and cause a denial of service (kernel oops or panic) or possib… | |
| CVE-2018-25020 | unknown | — | — | — | The BPF subsystem in the Linux kernel before 4.17 mishandles situations with a long jump over an instruction sequence where inner instructions require substantial expansions into multiple BPF instruc… | |
| CVE-2018-3639 | unknown | — | — | — | Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and speculative execution of memory reads before the addresses of all prior memory writes are known may allow unauthorized disclosure of i… | |
| CVE-2018-3665 | unknown | — | — | — | System software utilizing Lazy FP state restore technique on systems using Intel Core-based microprocessors may potentially allow a local process to infer data from another process through a speculat… | |
| CVE-2018-5703 | unknown | — | — | — | The tcp_v6_syn_recv_sock function in net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c in the Linux kernel through 4.14.11 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (slab out-of-bounds write) or possibly have unspecified othe… | |
| CVE-2018-3693 | unknown | — | — | — | Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and branch prediction may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a speculative buffer over… | |
| CVE-2018-5333 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel through 4.14.13, the rds_cmsg_atomic function in net/rds/rdma.c mishandles cases where page pinning fails or an invalid address is supplied, leading to an rds_atomic_free_op NULL … | |
| CVE-2018-5332 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel through 3.2, the rds_message_alloc_sgs() function does not validate a value that is used during DMA page allocation, leading to a heap-based out-of-bounds write (related to the rd… | |
| CVE-2018-5344 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel through 4.14.13, drivers/block/loop.c mishandles lo_release serialization, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (__lock_acquire use-after-free) or possibly have uns… | |
| CVE-2018-5750 | unknown | — | — | — | The acpi_smbus_hc_add function in drivers/acpi/sbshc.c in the Linux kernel through 4.14.15 allows local users to obtain sensitive address information by reading dmesg data from an SBS HC printk call. | |
| CVE-2018-5803 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux Kernel before version 4.15.8, 4.14.25, 4.9.87, 4.4.121, 4.1.51, and 3.2.102, an error in the "_sctp_make_chunk()" function (net/sctp/sm_make_chunk.c) when handling SCTP packets length ca… | |
| CVE-2018-5814 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux Kernel before version 4.16.11, 4.14.43, 4.9.102, and 4.4.133, multiple race condition errors when handling probe, disconnect, and rebind operations can be exploited to trigger a use-afte… | |
| CVE-2018-5848 | unknown | — | — | — | In the function wmi_set_ie(), the length validation code does not handle unsigned integer overflow properly. As a result, a large value of the 'ie_len' argument can cause a buffer overflow in all And… | |
| CVE-2018-5873 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in the __ns_get_path function in fs/nsfs.c in the Linux kernel before 4.11. Due to a race condition when accessing files, a Use After Free condition can occur. This also affec… | |
| CVE-2018-5953 | unknown | — | — | — | The swiotlb_print_info function in lib/swiotlb.c in the Linux kernel through 4.14.14 allows local users to obtain sensitive address information by reading dmesg data from a "software IO TLB" printk c… | |
| CVE-2018-5995 | unknown | — | — | — | The pcpu_embed_first_chunk function in mm/percpu.c in the Linux kernel through 4.14.14 allows local users to obtain sensitive address information by reading dmesg data from a "pages/cpu" printk call. | |
| CVE-2018-6554 | unknown | — | — | — | Memory leak in the irda_bind function in net/irda/af_irda.c and later in drivers/staging/irda/net/af_irda.c in the Linux kernel before 4.17 allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory con… | |
| CVE-2018-6555 | unknown | — | — | — | The irda_setsockopt function in net/irda/af_irda.c and later in drivers/staging/irda/net/af_irda.c in the Linux kernel before 4.17 allows local users to cause a denial of service (ias_object use-afte… | |
| CVE-2018-6412 | unknown | — | — | — | In the function sbusfb_ioctl_helper() in drivers/video/fbdev/sbuslib.c in the Linux kernel through 4.15, an integer signedness error allows arbitrary information leakage for the FBIOPUTCMAP_SPARC and… | |
| CVE-2018-6559 | unknown | — | — | — | The Linux kernel, as used in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and Ubuntu 18.10, allows local users to obtain names of files in which they would not normally be able to access via an overlayfs mount inside of a user … | |
| CVE-2018-7191 | unknown | — | — | — | In the tun subsystem in the Linux kernel before 4.13.14, dev_get_valid_name is not called before register_netdevice. This allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and… | |
| CVE-2018-6927 | unknown | — | — | — | The futex_requeue function in kernel/futex.c in the Linux kernel before 4.14.15 might allow attackers to cause a denial of service (integer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact by trig… | |
| CVE-2018-7492 | unknown | — | — | — | A NULL pointer dereference was found in the net/rds/rdma.c __rds_rdma_map() function in the Linux kernel before 4.14.7 allowing local attackers to cause a system panic and a denial-of-service, relate… | |
| CVE-2018-7273 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel through 4.15.4, the floppy driver reveals the addresses of kernel functions and global variables using printk calls within the function show_floppy in drivers/block/floppy.c. An a… | |
| CVE-2018-10087 | unknown | — | — | — | The kernel_wait4 function in kernel/exit.c in the Linux kernel before 4.13, when an unspecified architecture and compiler is used, might allow local users to cause a denial of service by triggering a… | |
| CVE-2018-10124 | unknown | — | — | — | The kill_something_info function in kernel/signal.c in the Linux kernel before 4.13, when an unspecified architecture and compiler is used, might allow local users to cause a denial of service via an… | |
| CVE-2018-15572 | unknown | — | — | — | The spectre_v2_select_mitigation function in arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c in the Linux kernel before 4.18.1 does not always fill RSB upon a context switch, which makes it easier for attackers to conduc… | |
| CVE-2018-18021 | unknown | — | — | — | arch/arm64/kvm/guest.c in KVM in the Linux kernel before 4.18.12 on the arm64 platform mishandles the KVM_SET_ON_REG ioctl. This is exploitable by attackers who can create virtual machines. An attack… | |
| CVE-2018-1065 | unknown | — | — | — | The netfilter subsystem in the Linux kernel through 4.15.7 mishandles the case of a rule blob that contains a jump but lacks a user-defined chain, which allows local users to cause a denial of servic… | |
| CVE-2018-16885 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel that allows the userspace to call memcpy_fromiovecend() and similar functions with a zero offset and buffer length which causes the read beyond the buffer boundar… | |
| CVE-2018-16884 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's NFS41+ subsystem. NFS41+ shares mounted in different network namespaces at the same time can make bc_svc_process() use wrong back-channel IDs and cause a use-af… | |
| CVE-2018-7685 | unknown | — | — | — | The decoupled download and installation steps in libzypp before 17.5.0 could lead to a corrupted RPM being left in the cache, where a later call would not display the corrupted RPM warning and allow … | |
| CVE-2018-16882 | unknown | — | — | — | A use-after-free issue was found in the way the Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor processed posted interrupts when nested(=1) virtualization is enabled. In nested_get_vmcs12_pages(), in case of an error … | |
| CVE-2018-16871 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's NFS implementation, all versions 3.x and all versions 4.x up to 4.20. An attacker, who is able to mount an exported NFS filesystem, is able to trigger a null po… | |
| CVE-2018-15594 | unknown | — | — | — | arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c in the Linux kernel before 4.18.1 mishandles certain indirect calls, which makes it easier for attackers to conduct Spectre-v2 attacks against paravirtual guests. | |
| CVE-2018-1092 | unknown | — | — | — | The ext4_iget function in fs/ext4/inode.c in the Linux kernel through 4.15.15 mishandles the case of a root directory with a zero i_links_count, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (e… | |
| CVE-2018-10902 | unknown | — | — | — | It was found that the raw midi kernel driver does not protect against concurrent access which leads to a double realloc (double free) in snd_rawmidi_input_params() and snd_rawmidi_output_status() whi… | |
| CVE-2018-10882 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ext4 filesystem. A local user can cause an out-of-bound write in in fs/jbd2/transaction.c code, a denial of service, and a system crash by unmounting a crafted … | |
| CVE-2018-16862 | unknown | — | — | — | A security flaw was found in the Linux kernel in a way that the cleancache subsystem clears an inode after the final file truncation (removal). The new file created with the same inode may contain le… | |
| CVE-2018-13098 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in fs/f2fs/inode.c in the Linux kernel through 4.17.3. A denial of service (slab out-of-bounds read and BUG) can occur for a modified f2fs filesystem image in which FI_EXTRA_A… | |
| CVE-2018-10675 | unknown | — | — | — | The do_get_mempolicy function in mm/mempolicy.c in the Linux kernel before 4.12.9 allows local users to cause a denial of service (use-after-free) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafte… | |
| CVE-2018-18653 | unknown | — | — | — | The Linux kernel, as used in Ubuntu 18.10 and when booted with UEFI Secure Boot enabled, allows privileged local users to bypass intended Secure Boot restrictions and execute untrusted code by loadin… | |
| CVE-2018-18690 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel before 4.17, a local attacker able to set attributes on an xfs filesystem could make this filesystem non-operational until the next mount by triggering an unchecked error conditio… | |
| CVE-2018-18386 | unknown | — | — | — | drivers/tty/n_tty.c in the Linux kernel before 4.14.11 allows local attackers (who are able to access pseudo terminals) to hang/block further usage of any pseudo terminal devices due to an EXTPROC ve… | |
| CVE-2018-18281 | unknown | — | — | — | Since Linux kernel version 3.2, the mremap() syscall performs TLB flushes after dropping pagetable locks. If a syscall such as ftruncate() removes entries from the pagetables of a task that is in the… | |
| CVE-2018-14734 | unknown | — | — | — | drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c in the Linux kernel through 4.17.11 allows ucma_leave_multicast to access a certain data structure after a cleanup step in ucma_process_join, which allows attackers to … | |
| CVE-2018-14612 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 4.17.10. There is an invalid pointer dereference in btrfs_root_node() when mounting a crafted btrfs image, because of a lack of chunk block group m… | |
| CVE-2018-1095 | unknown | — | — | — | The ext4_xattr_check_entries function in fs/ext4/xattr.c in the Linux kernel through 4.15.15 does not properly validate xattr sizes, which causes misinterpretation of a size as an error code, and con… | |
| CVE-2018-10322 | unknown | — | — | — | The xfs_dinode_verify function in fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_inode_buf.c in the Linux kernel through 4.16.3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (xfs_ilock_attr_map_shared invalid pointer dereferen… | |
| CVE-2018-1000026 | unknown | — | — | — | Linux Linux kernel version at least v4.8 onwards, probably well before contains a Insufficient input validation vulnerability in bnx2x network card driver that can result in DoS: Network card firmwar… | |
| CVE-2018-18559 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel through 4.19, a use-after-free can occur due to a race condition between fanout_add from setsockopt and bind on an AF_PACKET socket. This issue exists because of the 15fe076edea78… | |
| CVE-2018-10940 | unknown | — | — | — | The cdrom_ioctl_media_changed function in drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c in the Linux kernel before 4.16.6 allows local attackers to use a incorrect bounds check in the CDROM driver CDROM_MEDIA_CHANGED ioctl … | |
| CVE-2018-10938 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel present since v4.0-rc1 and through v4.13-rc4. A crafted network packet sent remotely by an attacker may force the kernel to enter an infinite loop in the cipso_v4… | |
| CVE-2018-1000004 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel 4.12, 3.10, 2.6 and possibly earlier versions a race condition vulnerability exists in the sound system, this can lead to a deadlock and denial of service condition. | |
| CVE-2018-1093 | unknown | — | — | — | The ext4_valid_block_bitmap function in fs/ext4/balloc.c in the Linux kernel through 4.15.15 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and system crash) via a crafted ext4 ima… | |
| CVE-2018-15471 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in xenvif_set_hash_mapping in drivers/net/xen-netback/hash.c in the Linux kernel through 4.18.1, as used in Xen through 4.11.x and other products. The Linux netback driver all… | |
| CVE-2018-1000028 | unknown | — | — | — | Linux kernel version after commit bdcf0a423ea1 - 4.15-rc4+, 4.14.8+, 4.9.76+, 4.4.111+ contains a Incorrect Access Control vulnerability in NFS server (nfsd) that can result in remote users reading o… | |
| CVE-2018-1000204 | unknown | — | — | — | Linux Kernel version 3.18 to 4.16 incorrectly handles an SG_IO ioctl on /dev/sg0 with dxfer_direction=SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV and an empty 6-byte cmdp. This may lead to copying up to 1000 kernel heap pages… | |
| CVE-2018-10074 | unknown | — | — | — | The hi3660_stub_clk_probe function in drivers/clk/hisilicon/clk-hi3660-stub.c in the Linux kernel before 4.16 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) by triggering … | |
| CVE-2018-18397 | unknown | — | — | — | The userfaultfd implementation in the Linux kernel before 4.19.7 mishandles access control for certain UFFDIO_ ioctl calls, as demonstrated by allowing local users to write data into holes in a tmpfs… | |
| CVE-2018-10879 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ext4 filesystem. A local user can cause a use-after-free in ext4_xattr_set_entry function and a denial of service or unspecified other impact may occur by renam… | |
| CVE-2018-10876 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in Linux kernel in the ext4 filesystem code. A use-after-free is possible in ext4_ext_remove_space() function when mounting and operating a crafted ext4 image. | |
| CVE-2018-10872 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the way the Linux kernel handled exceptions delivered after a stack switch operation via Mov SS or Pop SS instructions. During the stack switch operation, processor does not deliv… |